Ancient Rome - Late Republic - Second Triumvirate

"The Man Who Looked Like Hercules" from The Children's Plutarch: Tales of the Romans by Frederick James Gould, William Dean Howells, and Walter Crane
Queen Cleopatra by Tom Stressguth
Tools of the Ancient Romans by Rachel Dickinson

Discussion:
Second Triumvirate - Octavian, Lepidus, Antony
Battle of Actium
Octavian as Emperor - why he won and Caesar didn't

Activity:
Re-enact the Battle of Actium
Crown Octavian Emperor

Ancient Rome - The Republic - Pyrrhus and the Pyrrhic Wars

Plutarch's Lives, Volume II: "Life of Pyrrhus"

Discussion:
Review of cultures and geography - Greece, Macedonia, Sicily, etc
Understanding disparate power struggles - non-unified kingdoms
Meaning of "Pyrrhic victory"

Activity:
Trace Pyrrhus' route on a map; reenact Pyrrhic Wars

Ancient Rome - Geography and Greek Inheritence

"Chains of Love", "Dreams of Destiny," and "To Hell and Back" from Roman Myths by Geraldine McCaughrean and Emma Chichester Clark

Discussion:
Rome - location, geography, climate (proximity to Greece)
Greek gods become Roman gods
Why did Rome adopt the Greek religion?

Activity:
Matching Greek gods to Roman gods
Mapping Ancient Rome - use Mr. Guerriero's lesson

Alexander the Great - (re)Conquering Greece

Alexander the Great: Conqueror of the Ancient World by Tom McGowen
Alexander the Great: The Legend of a Warrior King by Peter Chrisp and Peter Dennis

Discussion:
Philip's plans, and death
Alexander decides to take over
Fighting to keep Greece united under Macedonia
What happened to Thebes

Activity:
Re-enact how Alexander conquered and destroyed Thebes

Alexander the Great - Review of Ancient Mediterranean and Asian World Cultures

Alexander the Great: Conqueror of the Ancient World by Tom McGowen
(for picture study): Alexander the Great: the legend of a warrior king by Peter Chrisp and Peter Dennis

Discussion:
Why did Alexander go to war?

Activity:
Make a map large enough (2'x3') to display Alexander's route.
Locate the following places of culture on the map:

• Greece
• Egypt
• "Phoenicia"
• Mesopotamia
• Persia
• India

Ancient Greece - Philosophy and Science - Review

The student should be able to match the person to his contribution:

Asclepius	Medicine	Revered as a god, might not be historical
Galen	Medicine	Wrote work of medicine used for over a thousand years
Hippocrates	Medicine	Hippocratic oath (recite)
Anaxagoras	Astronomy	Eclipses
Socrates	Philosophy	Socratic method of teaching; "All I know is I know nothing"; Recite his prayer to Pan
Plato	Philosophy	Founder of the Academy
Aristotle	Philosophy	Syllogism, logic, teacher of Alexander the Great
Pythagoras	Mathematics	Pythagorean theorem
Euclid	Mathematics	Parallel lines, shortest distance between two points
Archimedes	Engineering	"Eureka" story, Archimedes' screw, levers and pulleys

The student should be able to complete the following:

• Name the seven wonders of the ancient world.
• Draw parallel lines and explain what "parallel" means.
• Give an example of a syllogism.
• Show how an eclipse happens.
• Explain why Socrates was killed.  
• Give an example of following the Hippocratic Oath.

Ancient Greece - Government and Historical Events - Review

Give an overview of Ancient Greek history (Mycenaens, Trojan War, Epic Poetry, Rise of Sparta, Persian rule, Rise of Athens, Battle of Marathon, Pericles, Peloponnesian War, Philosophy and Learning)

The student should be able to answer the following questions:

• Did the Trojan War really happen?  Give reasons.
• Why did the Mycenaens disappear?  Who probably conquered them?
• Which poems did Homer write?  Recite the beginning of each poem.
• What kinds of foods did the Greeks eat?  How did they dress?  How did they eat?
• Why was the Battle of Marathon important?
• How was the government of Athens different from Sparta?
• Who was Pericles?  Which temple did he want to build?
• How long did the Peloponnesian War last?  Who won? 

Ancient Greece - Mythology - Review

The student should be familiar with the following gods and goddesses, and be able to recognize them via symbolic imagery:

• Zeus
• Hera
• Poseidon
• Hephaestus
• Aphrodite (plus Eros)
• Ares (plus Eris)
• Hestia
• Demeter
• Hades (plus Persephone)
• Hermes (plus Iris)
• Athena
• Artemis
• Apollo
• Dionysus

The student should be able to explain to what the following refer:

• Gaia and Uranus - creation of life
• The Titans - first gods
• The Olympians - Greek gods who defeated the Titans
• Echidna and Typhon - monsters and volcanoes
• Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Pandora - creation of man and introduction of suffering
• Nymphs, satyrs, centaurs - pantheism

The student should be able to demonstrate familiarity with the following heroic tales:

• Theseus (plus Daedalus and Icarus)
• Jason
• Heracles
• Perseus
• Orion
• Bellerophon

The student should be able to narrate the basics of the Iliad and the Odyssey.

Ancient Greece - Geography - Review

The student should be able to locate the following on a map:

• Greece (in context of the world)
• Greece (in context of the Mediterranean)
• Aegean Sea
• Crete
• Mt. Olympus
• Delphi
• Ilium
• Troy
• Attica
• Athens
• Peloponnese
• Sparta
• Ithaca
• Thrace
• Macedonia

Ancient Greece - Art

Looking at Faces in Art by Joy Richardson
Ancient Greek Art by Susie Hodge
The Aesop for Children (Selections)

Discussion:
Story as inspiration in art

Activity:
*Field trip to the National Gallery of Art* - see how much mythology and history you can recognize

Ancient Greece - Science - Mechanics and Engineering

The Wonders of the Ancient World

Science in Ancient Greece by Kathlyn Gay
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur
The Aesop for Children (Selections)

Discussion:
Archimedes - "Eureka" story
Engineering feats - temples, statues, buildings (seven wonders of the world)

Activity:
Make a lever, pulley - show how to move objects with simple machines

Ancient Greece - Science - Medicine

Science in Ancient Greece by Kathlyn Gay
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur
The Aesop for Children (Selections)

Discussion:
Asclepius - legendary; revered as a god; serpent/staff symbol
Hippocrates - the Hippocratic Oath, scientific observation in disease
Galen - arteries; influence on later doctors

Activity:
Picture study: manuscripts, bas reliefs, paintings of medical treatments
Learn the Hippocratic Oath

Ancient Greece - Science - Mathematics

Science in Ancient Greece by Kathlyn Gay
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur
The Aesop for Children (Selections)

Discussion:
Pythogoras - the Pythagorean theorem
Euclid - parallel lines, shortest distance between two points
Apollonius - parabola, hyperbola, ellipse

Activity:
Take a look at some of the mathematical concepts the people mentioned invented

Ancient Greece - Science - Astronomy

Science in Ancient Greece by Kathlyn Gay
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur
The Librarian Who Measured the Earth by Kathryn Lasky
The Library of Alexandria by Kelly Trumble and Robina MacIntyre Marshall

Discussion:
Famous astronomers - Anaxagoras, Heracleides, Aristarchus
Discoveries - round Earth, size of the Earth, planets vs. stars, topography of the moon etc.

Activity:
Make a sun dial
Model an eclipse with a ball, mirror, and flashlight
Look at the moon with the telescope

Ancient Greece - Philosophy - Aristotle

The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "Peace in the Islands", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Aristotle's division of sciences
Syllogisms
Logic

Activity:
Come up with some syllogisms

Ancient Greece - Philosophy - Plato

The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "The Slaying of the Suitors", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
The Academy
What is a dialogue?
The philosopher king vs. democracy

Activity:
Picture study - the Academy, Plato

Ancient Greece - Philosophy - Socrates

Wise Guy: the Life and Philosophy of Socrates by MD Usher and William Bramhall
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "The Beggar in the Corner", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Socratic method - what is it?
Socrates' main philosophical concepts

Activity:
Practice Socratic method

Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War

Art and Civilization: Ancient Greece by Mathile Bardi
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "Return to Ithaca", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Empire - what does it mean to build an empire?
Why did this war last so long?

Activity:
Map study - Sparta, Athens; Persia
Make a comparison chart of Athens' resources vs. Sparta's
Prediction: who will win?

Ancient Greece - Food

Food & Feasts in Ancient Greece by Imogen Dawson
Cooking Up World History by Patricia C. Marden and Suzanne I. Barchers
Ancient Greece: Daily Life by Stewart Ross

D'Aulaire's Book of Greek Myths

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "Telemachus Seeks His Father" by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Foods in Athens
Food production occupations (farmer, shepherd, goatherd, winemaker)
Food culture - sitting at feast, how people were served, ate

Activity:
Make Arni Psito (Leg of Lamb) for dinner

Ancient Greece - Athens - Government

Art and Civilization: Ancient Greece by Mathile Bardi
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "The Land of the Dead" and "Sea Perils", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Democracy - basic concepts
Athenian democracy
"ostra" - ostracizing

Activity:
Picture Study
Learn how voting works in our hometown; visit polling station; view a ballot
Practice ostracizing someone