Human Anatomy - Urinary System

The Human Body Book by DK Publishing
Human Anatomy Coloring Book by Margaret Matt (text)

Vocabulary Added:
kidney: filters waste from bloodstream
ureter: duct from kidney to bladder
urethra: channel opening from bladder to outside the body
bladder: holding organ for urine

Activity:
Margaret Matt's Human Anatomy Coloring Book
Drink a ton of water and see how quickly you need to urinate - check color of urination
Perform a urine test of some kind using dip-strips
Eat asparagus and see if the smell changes

Ancient Greece - Philosophy and Science - Review

The student should be able to match the person to his contribution:

Asclepius	Medicine	Revered as a god, might not be historical
Galen	Medicine	Wrote work of medicine used for over a thousand years
Hippocrates	Medicine	Hippocratic oath (recite)
Anaxagoras	Astronomy	Eclipses
Socrates	Philosophy	Socratic method of teaching; "All I know is I know nothing"; Recite his prayer to Pan
Plato	Philosophy	Founder of the Academy
Aristotle	Philosophy	Syllogism, logic, teacher of Alexander the Great
Pythagoras	Mathematics	Pythagorean theorem
Euclid	Mathematics	Parallel lines, shortest distance between two points
Archimedes	Engineering	"Eureka" story, Archimedes' screw, levers and pulleys

The student should be able to complete the following:

• Name the seven wonders of the ancient world.
• Draw parallel lines and explain what "parallel" means.
• Give an example of a syllogism.
• Show how an eclipse happens.
• Explain why Socrates was killed.  
• Give an example of following the Hippocratic Oath.

Human Anatomy - Digestive System - Accessory Organs

Living with Diabetes by Shirley Wimbish Gray
The Human Body Book by DK Publishing

Vocabulary Added:
bile: fluid that increases the solubility of fats in water
insulin: hormone that regulates carbohydrates and fat metabolism

Activity:
Human Anatomy Coloring Book by Margaret Matt
Complete review of the digestive system and its processes

Ancient Greece - Government and Historical Events - Review

Give an overview of Ancient Greek history (Mycenaens, Trojan War, Epic Poetry, Rise of Sparta, Persian rule, Rise of Athens, Battle of Marathon, Pericles, Peloponnesian War, Philosophy and Learning)

The student should be able to answer the following questions:

• Did the Trojan War really happen?  Give reasons.
• Why did the Mycenaens disappear?  Who probably conquered them?
• Which poems did Homer write?  Recite the beginning of each poem.
• What kinds of foods did the Greeks eat?  How did they dress?  How did they eat?
• Why was the Battle of Marathon important?
• How was the government of Athens different from Sparta?
• Who was Pericles?  Which temple did he want to build?
• How long did the Peloponnesian War last?  Who won? 

Ancient Greece - Mythology - Review

The student should be familiar with the following gods and goddesses, and be able to recognize them via symbolic imagery:

• Zeus
• Hera
• Poseidon
• Hephaestus
• Aphrodite (plus Eros)
• Ares (plus Eris)
• Hestia
• Demeter
• Hades (plus Persephone)
• Hermes (plus Iris)
• Athena
• Artemis
• Apollo
• Dionysus

The student should be able to explain to what the following refer:

• Gaia and Uranus - creation of life
• The Titans - first gods
• The Olympians - Greek gods who defeated the Titans
• Echidna and Typhon - monsters and volcanoes
• Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Pandora - creation of man and introduction of suffering
• Nymphs, satyrs, centaurs - pantheism

The student should be able to demonstrate familiarity with the following heroic tales:

• Theseus (plus Daedalus and Icarus)
• Jason
• Heracles
• Perseus
• Orion
• Bellerophon

The student should be able to narrate the basics of the Iliad and the Odyssey.

Human Anatomy - Digestive System - Small and Large Intestines

Microlife that Makes us Ill by Steve Parker
The Human Body Book by DK Publishing

Vocabulary Added:
duodenum: first part of small intestine
jejunum: middle part of small intestine
ileum: end part of small intestine
vermiform appendix: extension with no apparent purpose on the large intestine
ileocecal valve: prevents material flowing back into small intestine
ascending, transverse, and descending colon: parts of the large intestine (in order)
sigimoid colon: S-curve at the end of the large intestine
rectum: end of the large intestine
anal canal/anus: hole for eliminating waste

Activity:
Margaret Matt's Human Anatomy Coloring Book
Go outside and look for scat.  See if you can determine what the animal ate.  Take proper precautions during examination.

Ancient Greece - Geography - Review

The student should be able to locate the following on a map:

• Greece (in context of the world)
• Greece (in context of the Mediterranean)
• Aegean Sea
• Crete
• Mt. Olympus
• Delphi
• Ilium
• Troy
• Attica
• Athens
• Peloponnese
• Sparta
• Ithaca
• Thrace
• Macedonia

Human Anatomy - Digestive System - Stomach

The Human Body Book by DK Publishing

Vocabulary Added:
fundus: upper part of the stomach
body: middle part of the stomach
pyloris: lower part of the stomach
pyloris sphincter: contracts to push contents into small intestine
duodendum: leads to small intestine

Activity:
Margaret Matt's Human Anatomy Coloring Book
Review page: correctly label parts of the nervous system

Ancient Greece - Art

Looking at Faces in Art by Joy Richardson
Ancient Greek Art by Susie Hodge
The Aesop for Children (Selections)

Discussion:
Story as inspiration in art

Activity:
*Field trip to the National Gallery of Art* - see how much mythology and history you can recognize

Human Anatomy - Digestive System - Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach

Rabies by Lorrie Klosterman
The Human Body Book by DK Publishing

Vocabulary Added:
gingiva: gums
hard/soft palates: upper parts of the mouth
uvula: assists with certain aspects of speech
tonsil: lymphatic tissue

Activity:
Margaret Matt's Human Anatomy Coloring Book
Chewing exercise from What Happens to a Hamburger

Ancient Greece - Science - Mechanics and Engineering

The Wonders of the Ancient World

Science in Ancient Greece by Kathlyn Gay
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur
The Aesop for Children (Selections)

Discussion:
Archimedes - "Eureka" story
Engineering feats - temples, statues, buildings (seven wonders of the world)

Activity:
Make a lever, pulley - show how to move objects with simple machines

Human Anatomy - Digestive System - Overview

What Happens to a Hamburger by Paul Showers and Edward Miller

Vocabulary Added:
salivary glands: secrete saliva
epiglottis: cartilaginous flap, prevents food from entering the larynx
esophagus: pipe to the stomach
stomach: stores food; twists and kneads food to break it up
spleen: assists the liver; removes damaged blood cells
liver: secretes bile; reduces/removes toxins (along with 250 other functions)
gallbladder: stores bile
pancreas: produces fluid that breaks down nutrients; makes insulin to digest sugar
small intestine: breaks down food
appendix: no function in humans; digests food in animals
large intestine: reabsorbs water, salts, and eletrolytes
rectum: eliminates solid waste

Activity:
Human Anatomy Coloring Book by Margaret Matt

Ancient Greece - Science - Medicine

Science in Ancient Greece by Kathlyn Gay
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur
The Aesop for Children (Selections)

Discussion:
Asclepius - legendary; revered as a god; serpent/staff symbol
Hippocrates - the Hippocratic Oath, scientific observation in disease
Galen - arteries; influence on later doctors

Activity:
Picture study: manuscripts, bas reliefs, paintings of medical treatments
Learn the Hippocratic Oath

Human Anatomy - Nervous System - Autonomic Nervous System

Human Anatomy Coloring Book - Autonomic Nervous System text

Vocabulary Added:
(Systems controlled by the Autonomic Nervous System)
digestive system: extracts nutrients from food; expells waste
urinary system: expells liquid waste from the blood
reproductive system: creates human offspring
endocrine system: secretes hormones that influence the flow of substances through the body
lymph system: drains, strains, and purifies lymph

Activity:
Margaret Matt's Human Anatomy Coloring Book

Ancient Greece - Science - Mathematics

Science in Ancient Greece by Kathlyn Gay
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur
The Aesop for Children (Selections)

Discussion:
Pythogoras - the Pythagorean theorem
Euclid - parallel lines, shortest distance between two points
Apollonius - parabola, hyperbola, ellipse

Activity:
Take a look at some of the mathematical concepts the people mentioned invented

Human Anatomy - Nervous System - Spinal Cord

Vocabulary Added:
spinal ganglion: mass of nerve cells
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral nerves: send and receive impulses from those parts of the body

Activity:
Margaret Matt's Human Anatomy Coloring Book

Ancient Greece - Science - Astronomy

Science in Ancient Greece by Kathlyn Gay
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur
The Librarian Who Measured the Earth by Kathryn Lasky
The Library of Alexandria by Kelly Trumble and Robina MacIntyre Marshall

Discussion:
Famous astronomers - Anaxagoras, Heracleides, Aristarchus
Discoveries - round Earth, size of the Earth, planets vs. stars, topography of the moon etc.

Activity:
Make a sun dial
Model an eclipse with a ball, mirror, and flashlight
Look at the moon with the telescope

Human Anatomy - Nervous System - Brain

Allan Jones: A map of the brain

Living with Cerebral Palsy by Susan H. Gray

Vocabulary Added:
meninges: three protective membranes covering the brain
cerebrum: main part of the brain
cortex: outer surface of the cerebrum
cerebellum: back of the brain; handles muscle coordination
pons: path connecting the halves of the cerebellum
medulla: long part of the brain's base, joins to the spinal cord

Activity:
Margaret Matt's Human Anatomy Coloring Book
Map the skills associated with various parts of the brain

Ancient Greece - Philosophy - Aristotle

The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "Peace in the Islands", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Aristotle's division of sciences
Syllogisms
Logic

Activity:
Come up with some syllogisms

Human Anatomy - Nervous System - Touch

Senses by Anna Sanderman
Cool Sensory Suspense by Esther Beck

Vocabulary Added:
pain receptor (nociceptor): neuron that detects painful touch
corpuscle: "tiny body"; nerve endings of various kinds that detect sensations such as heat, cold, pressure, touch

Activity:
Human Anatomy Coloring Book by Margaret Matt
Touch sensitivity activity from Cool Sensory Suspense

Ancient Greece - Philosophy - Plato

The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "The Slaying of the Suitors", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
The Academy
What is a dialogue?
The philosopher king vs. democracy

Activity:
Picture study - the Academy, Plato

Human Anatomy - Nervous System - Smell

Senses by Anna Sanderman
Smelling by Rebecca Olien
Cool Sensory Suspense by Esther Beck

Vocabulary Added:
nostrils: (nares) holes that open into the nose
nasal cavity: opening inside the nose
olfactory nerve fibers: detect smells
olfactory nerve tract: send messages to the brain

Activity:
Human Anatomy Coloring Book by Margaret Matt
Smell identification activity from Cool Sensory Suspense

Ancient Greece - Philosophy - Socrates

Wise Guy: the Life and Philosophy of Socrates by MD Usher and William Bramhall
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "The Beggar in the Corner", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Socratic method - what is it?
Socrates' main philosophical concepts

Activity:
Practice Socratic method

Human Anatomy - Nervous System - Taste

Senses by Anna Sanderman
Cool Sensory Suspense by Esther Beck
The Nervous System by Susan H. Gray

Vocabulary Added:
papillae: protrusions on the tongue
taste buds: receptors of taste - tell you what you are tasting

Activity:
Human Anatomy Coloring Book by Margaret Matt
Are you a supertaster? and blind taste test activities from Cool Sensory Suspense

Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War

Art and Civilization: Ancient Greece by Mathile Bardi
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "Return to Ithaca", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Empire - what does it mean to build an empire?
Why did this war last so long?

Activity:
Map study - Sparta, Athens; Persia
Make a comparison chart of Athens' resources vs. Sparta's
Prediction: who will win?

Human Anatomy - Nervous System - Hearing

Senses by Anna Sanderman
Hearing by Rebecca Olien
Cool Sensory Suspense by Esther Beck

Vocabulary Added:
pinna: the outer ear
hammer, anvil, stirrup: the bones of the inner ear
tympanic membrane: the eardrum
cochlea: sends messages to the brain

Activity:
Human Anatomy Coloring Book by Margaret Matt
Sound Location activity from Cool Sensory Suspense

Ancient Greece - Food

Food & Feasts in Ancient Greece by Imogen Dawson
Cooking Up World History by Patricia C. Marden and Suzanne I. Barchers
Ancient Greece: Daily Life by Stewart Ross

D'Aulaire's Book of Greek Myths

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "Telemachus Seeks His Father" by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Foods in Athens
Food production occupations (farmer, shepherd, goatherd, winemaker)
Food culture - sitting at feast, how people were served, ate

Activity:
Make Arni Psito (Leg of Lamb) for dinner

Human Anatomy - Nervous System - Sight

Senses by Anna Sanderman
Seeing by Rebecca Olien
Cool Sensory Suspense by Esther Beck
The Nervous System by Susan H. Gray

Vocabulary Added:
cornea: clear outer covering
pupil: hole (black part of the eye)
iris: muscle that controls how much light enters the pupil
lens: bends light onto the back of the eye
retina: curved part of the eye
optic nerve: sends messages to the brain

Activity:
Human Anatomy Coloring Book by Margaret Matt
Which is your dominant eye? activity from Cool Sensory Suspense

Ancient Greece - Athens - Government

Art and Civilization: Ancient Greece by Mathile Bardi
The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "The Land of the Dead" and "Sea Perils", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Democracy - basic concepts
Athenian democracy
"ostra" - ostracizing

Activity:
Picture Study
Learn how voting works in our hometown; visit polling station; view a ballot
Practice ostracizing someone

Human Anatomy - Nervous System - Nerve Cell

The Nervous System by Susan H. Gray
Epilepsy by Hayley Mitchell Haugen

Vocabulary Added:
neuron: nerve cell
dendrite: carries messages to the cell's body
axon: carries messages away from the cell body
synapse: where neurons meet and nerve impulses are transferred electrochemically

Activity:
Margaret Matt's Human Anatomy Coloring Book

Ancient Greece - Athens - Founding, Religion

Ancient Greece: Daily Life by Stewart Ross
Ancient Greece: Gods and Goddesses by John Malam
D'Aulaire's Book of Greek Myths
Art and Civilization: Ancient Greece by Mathile Bardi

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "The Enchantress", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
"Athena's city" - legend of Athena and Poseidon
Review of the Acropolis, Parthenon

Activity:
Picture Study in Parthenon
Make a Parthenon model from Legos

Ancient Greece - Sparta - Government

The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

Art and Civilization: Ancient Greece by Mathile Bardi

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "The Lord of the Winds", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Dual kingship, the apella (democracy), gerousia, ephors

Activity:
Picture Study in Art and Civilization: Ancient Greece
Set up a Spartan government with Playmobil people

Ancient Greece - Sparta - Culture

Ancient Greece: Daily Life by Stewart Ross
Art and Civilization: Ancient Greece by Mathile Bardi

The Wanderings of Odysseus: The Story of The Odyssey, "The Sacker of Cities", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

"A Laconic Answer" from The Book of Virtues by William Bennet

Discussion:
Culture in Sparta - a Spartan lifestyle
Military lifestyle

Activity:
Redo child's room in a "Spartan" style (then put it all back)

Human Anatomy - Nervous System - Overview

The Nervous System by Susan H. Gray

Vocabulary Added:
brain: mass of nerve tissue in the skull
central nervous system: brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system: carries messages and commands to and from the CNS for voluntary movement
autonomic nervous system: regulates involuntary processes

Activity:
Margaret Matt's Human Anatomy Coloring Book

Ancient Greece - Sparta - Founding, Religion

The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur
Art and Civilization: Ancient Greece by Mathile Bardi

Black Ships Before Troy: The Story of the Iliad, "The Wooden Horse" and "The Fall of Troy" (both abridged while reading), by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Sparta - religious beliefs

Activity:
Full Narration summary of the Trojan War
Locate Sparta on a map
Picture Study in Art and Civilization: Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece - Sport and Games

The Ultimate Javelin Video
2008 Olympic Discus Final - Best Throws (Top 12 Athletes)
The Chariot Race

Ancient Greece: Daily Life by Stewart Ross
Art and Civilization: Ancient Greece by Mathile Bardi
Black Ships Before Troy: The Story of the Iliad, "Funeral Games" and "The Death of Achilles", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Origin of the Olympics
Greek sports
Why play games at funerals?

Activity:
Try out some Greek sports outside
Picture study - Greek sports

Ancient Greece - City-States

The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

Black Ships Before Troy: The Story of the Iliad, "The Armor of Achilles" and "Vengeance for Patroclus", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
The city-state - what is it?
Forms of goverment: democracy, oligarchy, tyranny, monarchy (and combinations thereof)
Two important city-states: Athens and Sparta (compare them)
Who is a citizen?  Why?

Activity:
Use Playmobil people to set up different forms of government

Human Anatomy - Respiratory System - Larynx and Trachea

The Respiratory System by Susan H. Gray
The Respiratory System by Christine Taylor-Butler
Lung Cancer by Marlene Targ Brill

Activity:
Margaret Matt's Human Anatomy Coloring Book (Larynx and Trachea)
Looking at "what's in the air" with a flashlight

Ancient Greece - The Mycenaeans

The Ancient Greeks by Allison Lassieur

Black Ships Before Troy: The Story of the Iliad, "The High King's Embassy", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:

The Mycenaeans (1700 BCE)

Destruction of the Mycenaeans

What happened?  Why don't we know anything else about the Mycenaeans?

Activity:

Picture Study: Mask of Agamemnon

Ancient Greece - War

D'Aulaire's Book of Greek Myths
Black Ships Before Troy: The Story of the Iliad, "Single Combat", by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee
Art and Civilization: Ancient Greece by Matilde Bardi

Discussion:
Greek warfare
Technology: ships, arms, defenses, etc

Activity:
Make a model of Illium with Troy in the sandbox.  Explain what a siege is, and why the Greeks didn't try it

Human Anatomy - Respiratory System - Nose and Throat

The Respiratory System by Susan H. Gray
The Respiratory System by Christine Taylor-Butler

Vocabulary Added:
nasal cavity: inside of the nose
turbinate bones: curved bones in the nasal cavity that work as airfoils
eustachian tube: drain secretions from the ears
pharynx: throat
larynx: voice box
cilia: hairs that catch particles in the air

Activity:
Margaret Matt's Human Anatomy Coloring Book

Ancient Greece - Greek Mythology - The Trojan War

D'Aulaire's Book of Greek Myths
Black Ships Before Troy: The Story of the Iliad, "Ship Gathering" by Rosemary Sutcliff and Alan Lee

Discussion:
Major characters in the Iliad - who is on which side
Why do the gods take sides?

Activity:
Picture Study - Achilles, Greek Soldiers, etc
Set up for the Trojan war with playmobil people

Human Anatomy - Respiratory System - Overview

The Respiratory System by Susan H. Gray
The Respiratory System by Christine Taylor-Butler

Vocabulary Added:
lungs: exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen
bronchus: branching air tubs in the lungs
trachea: windpipe
diaphragm: muscle that helps you breathe

Activity:
Margaret Matt's Human Anatomy Coloring Book

Ancient Greece - Greek Mythology - Theseus

D'Aulaire's Book of Greek Myths

The Hero and the Minotaur: The Fantastic Adventures of Theseus by Robert Byrd

Discussion:
More monsters - the gods' punishment?

Activity:
Make labyrinths with different materials (blocks, string, drawing); enjoy solving them